In lodging industry parlance, "other operated departments" are frequently referred to as "minor operated departments." Based on recent trends in other operated department revenues and profits, these sources of income have become less consequential to both the top and bottom lines of U.S. hotels.
Other operated departments consist of revenue-generating services provided by the hotel, and the vast majority of the costs, operational responsibility and financial risk for providing these services are assumed by the hotel. Examples of other operated departments include gift shops, golf courses, spas and parking lots.
The recovery of the U.S. lodging industry since the depths of the 2008/2009 recession has been strong. From 2010 through 2016, rooms revenue for the properties that participate in CBRE's annual Trends in the Hotel Industry survey increased 38.8 percent, while total hotel revenue grew 39.8 percent. However, during this same seven-year period, the revenue generated by the other operated departments increased by just 15.8 percent.
Other operated departments have always been a relatively minor source of revenue for most hotels. In 2016, other operated department revenue for our Trends sample averaged 4.3 percent of total revenue. With other operated department revenue growing at a slower pace than total hotel revenue, this ratio is down from 5.2 percent in 2010.
Other operated departments are more meaningful at resort hotels that have multiple recreational and retail outlets. At these property types, other operated revenues averaged 10.1 percent of total revenue in 2016. At limited-service hotels that simply offer movie rental or guest laundry services, other operated department revenues average just 1.4 percent of total revenue.
The following paragraphs describe recent trends in revenues, expenses and profits for five other operated departments. In all circumstances, these data come from revenue-generating sources that meet the Uniform System of Accounts for the Lodging Industry standards to be classified as other operated departments, as opposed to miscellaneous income.
On The Decline
Despite the increase in occupancy from 2010 to 2016, it is no surprise the revenues hotels receive for telecommunications and movie rental continued to decline during the past seven years. Telecommunications revenue is earned from the use of guestroom phones, while movie rental revenue is received when guests rent movies or games via the guestroom television. Because of the increased use of smartphones and tablets for communication and entertainment, revenues from telecommunications declined 52.7 percent during the period 2010 to 2016, while movie rental sales dropped 52.9 percent.
Since the sole expenses associated with these revenue sources are the telephone and movie rental costs charged by the respective service providers, it makes sense that we have observed commensurate declines in the expenses within these two departments. Unfortunately, the expense cuts were not sufficient to prevent declines in profitability. From 2010 to 2016, profits fell 64 percent within the telecommunications department, and 69.3 percent for movie rental.
Just as cell phones have had a negative impact on telecommunications revenue, the proliferation of casual business attire has reduced the revenue hotels receive from providing guest laundry and valet services. From 2010 to 2016, the revenue received from guest laundry has declined 14.1 percent, while the profits this department generates have fallen 44.1 percent.
On The Upswing
Not all other operated departments are on the decline. U.S. hotels have enjoyed increased revenues and profits from some sources that have either evolved or been dormant.
The face of retail offerings has changed significantly at most U.S. hotels. The traditional “newsstand” that was either leased out or operated at a loss has been replaced with front-desk kiosks the sell newspapers, toiletries, snacks, soft drinks and microwavable foods. Further, these kiosks are now appearing in limited- and select-service properties that historically did not offer any retail services to their guests.
Please note that the new grab-and-go concepts that have replaced food-and-beverage revenues are not considered retail operations within other operated departments. Their revenues and expenses are recorded within the food-and-beverage department.
From 2010 to 2016, the revenues generated by hotel retail outlets increased 17 percent. Because of the changing nature of the products offered, as well as the staffing of the kiosks by front-desk personnel (whose costs get recorded in the rooms department), the department expenses to run retail operations have increased just 11.3 percent. The net result has been a 48.6-percent boost in retail department profits during the past seven years.
Since 2010, hoteliers have found parking operations and garages to be a lucrative source of income. The incidence of suburban hotels charging for parking is on the rise, as well as airport properties expanding their overnight parking services. Accordingly, parking revenue has increased 28.7 percent from 2010 to 2016. For those hotels that charge for parking, revenues equaled 2.5 percent of total revenue in 2016. More importantly, since parking is a relatively high-margin operation, the profits from parking operations have risen 39.6 percent over the past seven years.
Additional Revenues Needed
With revenue per available room forecast to grow less than 3 percent on an annual basis through 2021, hotel owners and operators are looking for other sources of revenue to bolster the top line. As we have seen historically, social and economic changes influence the way guests spend money within a hotel. Hoteliers are challenged to develop new or expand existing other operated departments that offer the services today’s guests demand, and value. Concurrently, owners and operators need to eliminate, downsize or adjust those other operated departments that no longer meet guest needs.
Robert Mandelbaum is director of research information services for CBRE Hotels’ Americas Research. To benchmark the performance of your hotel’s other operated departments, please visit pip.cbrehotels.com, or call (855) 223-1200.